Spherical coordinates derivation of the volume of a sphere 4 3 π R 3 .
The formula S for a sphere of radius R in spherical coordinates is:
S = 0 ϕ 2 π 0 θ π 0 ρ R
Volume = S ρ 2 sin θ ρ θ ϕ = 0 2 π ϕ 0 π sin θ θ 0 R ρ 2 ρ = ϕ | 0 2 π cos θ | 0 π 1 3 ρ 3 | 0 R = 2 π × 2 × 1 3 R 3 = 4 3 π R 3